ISSN 2415-3060 (print), ISSN 2522-4972 (online)
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УЖМБС 2020, 5(1): 299–303
https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs05.01.299
Discussions

Clinical and Immunological Features of Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Forced Inhabitants of Donetsk Region Displaced from the Military Operations Area

Zhdanyuk Yu., Taktashov G., Gomozova E., Grona N., Suprun A.
Abstract

The purpose of the study was to analyze the impaired function of the immune system and the clinical manifestations of secondary immunodeficiency in people exposed to prolonged stress during the hostilities and forced evacuation from the Anti–Terrorist Operation Zone in the Donetsk region. Material and methods. 57 people (36 women and 21 men aged from 29 to 56 years) displaced from the anti–terrorist operation zone in Donetsk region were observed and examined when they came to the doctor, a clinical immunologist, with the symptoms of the diseases that began to appear after the stress due to their stay in the war zone from the summer of 2014 to the spring of 2015. Results and discussion. The patients were bothered by frequent recurrent respiratory diseases and otorhinolaryngical disorders, pyogenic skin lesions, a long recurrent course of herpes infection, lymphadenopathy, and prolonged fever of unknown origin, chronic fatigue syndrome and the signs of impaired central nervous system function. The duration of the symptoms lasted from 1 to 3 years. These symptoms didn’t bother them before the outbreak of war acts. All patients underwent immunological examination with the determination of subpopulations of lymphocytes and all fractions of immunoglobulins. All patients showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in comparison with normal values of T–lymphocytes (CD3+), T–helpers (CD4+) and natural killers (CD16+). The decrease in CD3+ and CD4+ was especially pronounced in the patients with frequently recurring (3–6 times a year) viral infections (18 patients), but the difference with the indicators in the general group of patients was statistically unreliable (P>0.05). The patients with pyoderma and recurrent inflammatory diseases of otorhinolaryngical organs (27 patients) also showed a decrease in B–lymphocytes (CD20+). However, compared with other patients, this decrease was statistically unreliable (P>0.05). The levels of immunoglobulins of classes M, A, G in the patients changed depending on the stages of the inflammatory process and normalized in remission. At the same time, only an increase in immunoglobulin M in the acute period was significant (P<0.01). Decreased T–cell immunity often led to the development of recurrent viral infections, and B–cell (humoral) immunity led to the development of chronic pyogenic (bacterial, coccal) inflammatory diseases of the skin and mucous of otorhinolaryngical organs. Conclusion. Taking into account the relevance of studying psychosomatic disorders and the need for treatment and rehabilitation of people exposed to pathogenic factors in the conditions of Anti–Terrorist Operation in southeastern Ukraine, the research in this direction will be continued.

Keywords: secondary immunodeficiency, forced displaced inhabitants

Full text: PDF (Rus) 203K

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