The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of demographic indicators and comorbidity on the level of new biomarkers of inflammation of GDF–15, P–selectin and Galectin–3 in blood plasma in patients with hypertension in combination with type 2 diabetes. Material and methods. The study included 121 patients, including 59 women and 62 men aged from 40 to 87 years (mean age 64.7±10.6 years). We determined the levels of new biomarkers of inflammation: growth factor differentiation 15 (GDF–15), P–selectin, Galectin–3, and a reference marker of systemic inflammation, high–sensitive CRP (hs–CRP) using standard sets of reagents, in patients included in the study. Results and discussion. In subgroups of men and women patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes revealed an unreliable tendency to a higher level of GDF–15 in women compared to men (3163.87±2384.37; 2726.14±1402.79 pg/ml p >0.05, respectively). The level of P–selectin in the subgroup of women did not differ from men, and the level of Galectin–3 was not significantly higher in the subgroup of women compared to the subgroup of men. The level of GDF–15 increased significantly in patients older than 70 years (3886.37±2363.59; 2433.39±1377.56 and 1991.46±1895.53 pg/ml; p <0.05, respectively) compared with younger patients, the level of Galectin–3 was also significantly higher in patients older than 70 years compared with patients up to 50 years. The validity of the difference between the GDF–15 levels in the comparison age groups is also confirmed by the ANOVA. There was an unreliable tendency to increase the level of P–selectin and Galectin–3 in patients who suffered myocardial infarction before in the absence of difference in the level of GDF–15. The absence of reliable correlation of levels of inflammation biomarkers with myocardial infarction testified to the data of correlation analysis, which did not reveal reliable correlation links of any of the inflammation biomarkers with myocardial infarction. P–selectin plasma levels were significantly lower in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation than in patients with sinus rhythm (76.69±26.44 and 115.77±39.46 pg/ml, p <0.05, respectively). However, the presence of concomitant atrial fibrillation did not significantly affect the level of other biomarkers. Conclusion. The sex of the patients had the same effect: the levels of all biomarkers in the plasma were significantly higher in women than in men. If the level of R–selectin tended to decrease with age, then levels of Galectin–3 and GDF–15 increased significantly in patients older than 70 years. Myocardial infarction did not affect the levels of GDF–15, P–selectin and Galectin–3 in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Administration of oral anticoagulants led to a decrease in the level of P–selectin in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation.
Keywords: systemic inflammation, cardiovascular risk, demographic characteristics, concomitant pathology
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