Тhe article describes modern approaches for complex therapy and basic aspects of rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal system pathology. Main rehabilitation problem of patients with pathology of the locomotorium is one of the most modern and relevant and it has great socioeconomic significance. The risk of spine disease increases tenfold because people have sedentary lifestyle, a general decrease in immunity and poor ecological situation. The spine is the most complicated structure of the musculoskeletal system. It plays a key role in health. Modern medicine cannot be focused only on the treatment of acute conditions. Rehabilitation is the third key type of medical assistance after prevention and treatment; medical aid cannot be complete without rehabilitation. The process of recovery and health promotion of patients is impossible without modern therapeutic programs using. If the purpose of treatment is the elimination of the disease or the reduction of its manifestations, the purpose of rehabilitation is the rebirth of the patient as a person, restoration of his labor activity to the maximum possible size, achievement of social and economic independence, integration in society. Complexity of rehabilitation consists in the treatment of the main disease of the patient, and it is the using of rehab programs and techniques. Rehabilitation is an important part of patients’ treatment. Unfortunately, the patient usually faces a lack of specialized rehabilitation clinics and is habitually provided independently adapting to the conditions of the surrounding and social environment in our country during the period of early rehabilitation. It is conditioned the insufficient financing of health protection and insufficient understanding of rehabilitation purpose and principles on place. Rehabilitation facilities are widely used in the Training and Research Medical Complex "The University Clinic" of the Kharkiv National Medical University. Treatment of patients with pathology of the musculoskeletal system is carried out using a complex of pathogenically determined methods. These methods are aimed at restoring muscle function and motor stereotype, eliminating pain syndromes and neurotrophic disorders, reducing the inflammatory response and stabilizing dystrophic disorders in the joints and the spine. In addition to traditional medical treatment, patients are prescribed non-drug therapy (medical physical education, massage, electro prosthetics, and psychotherapeutic correction). The application of these methods of rehabilitation treatment leads to a long remission of degenerative process and improvement of patients’ quality of life, rapid restoration of work capacity, and complete relief of clinical symptoms and reduction of the frequency of long-term complications of diseases, elimination of the need for surgical treatment. For the complex successful treatment of patients with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, especially with the chronic course of the disease, it is necessary to create programs of assistance aimed at correction of the consequences of diseases, maximum adaptation and inclusion of persons with persistent health disorders in public life, providing them with self-sufficiency and self-realization.
Keywords: pain syndrome, patient, rehabilitation, department of rehabilitation
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