ISSN 2415-3060 (print), ISSN 2522-4972 (online)
  • 47 of 67
Up
JMBS 2020, 5(4): 350–356
https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs05.04.350
Biology

Allelopathy Activity of Plant Seeds of Species Monarda Didyma L., Dracocephalum Moldavicum L., Hyssopus Officinalis L. in Conditions of Forest and Steppe of Ukraine

Hnatiuk N., Sorokina S.
Abstract

The study of allelopathic properties of generative organs of aromatic plants is of great theoretical and practical importance. High allelopathic activity can be assessed as their ability to survive in adverse environmental conditions. Isolation of physiologically active compounds of exometabolites by germinating seeds is a group of substances of biological origin. Their natural combination is vital for the plant organism, as well as for related organisms in rhizosphere and epiphytic microflora. The purpose of the study was the elucidation of allelopathic activity of aromatic plant seed extracts on the growth of the roots of the test objects. Material and methods. In the first stage of research we focused on the results obtained in the study of allelopathic activity of seeds of certain species of Dracocephalum L. Hyssopus L., Monarda L. and forms of these plant species. Fresh samples were selected for the study of 3 types of secretions: water-soluble, alcohol-soluble, and volatile. The experiments were carried out with seed extracts. The seeds were obtained in the department of new cultures of M. M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden. The test objects growth conditions were the same as in the study of water- and alcohol-soluble compounds. Results and discussion. Allelopathic activity of plants is manifested not only at species but also at their varietal levels. The expediency of using as a test object the radish roots in determining water and alcohol-soluble knees has been proved. Allelopathic activity of water-soluble excretion seeds of experimental species of aromatic plants. Some of them have a clear specificity of their action on the acceptor plants. It depends not only on species characteristics, but also on the timing of seed reproduction, which is closely related to the genome of plants, their physiological and biochemical characteristics, ecological conditions of cultivation. Conclusions. The study showed that extracts from seeds of monard, hyssop, and serpentine exhibited the emission of water-soluble and alcohol-soluble compounds, probably having in their composition certain allelopathic activity knees, which identified species-specific character with stimulating effect. Comparing the allelopathic activity of water-soluble, alcohol-soluble and volatile secretions from seeds of varieties of the genus Monarda L. on the test objects of the roots of salad, winter wheat, tail tail, and winter radish and coleoptile winter wheat, it is possible to ascertain their basic identical activity with a slight difference in variants and in terms of reproduction of the form M didyma L.

Keywords: Hyssopus L., Monarda L, Dracocephalum L., seed, biological activity, objects of tests, kres of salat, amaranth, wheat

Full text: PDF (Ukr) 473K

References
  1. Nasonova LF. Metodycheskye rekomendatsyy po poluchenyyu byologychesky aktyvnogo ekstrakta yz prorastayushchykh semyan ozymoy pshenytsy y obrabotky ykh semyan polevykh kultur [Guidelines for obtaining a biologically active extract from germinating seeds of winter wheat and processing their seeds of field crops]. Kharkov; 1982. 21 s. [Russian]
  2. Grodzynskyy AM, Grodzynskyy DM. Kratkyy spravochnyk po fyzyologyy rastenyy [A quick reference to plant physiology]. 2oe yzdanye, ispravleno i dop. K: Naukova dumka; 1973. p. 557-69. [Russian]
  3. Rashidi S, Eikani MH, Ardjmand M. Extraction of Hyssopus officinalis L. essential oil using instant controlled pressure drop process. Journal of Chromatography A. 2018; 1579: 9-19. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.020
  4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30430990
  5. Rys MV. Vyznachennya strokiv sivby ta terminu zberigannya nasinnya vydiv rodu Monarda L. v umovakh introduktsiyi v pivdennomu Lisostepu Ukrayiny [Determination of sowing dates and shelf life of seeds of species of the genus Monarda L. in terms of introduction in the southern forest-steppe of Ukraine]. Introduktsiya roslyn. 2006; 1: 64-7. [Ukrainian]
  6. Yurchak LD, Pobyrchenko GA. Kultura shalfeya muskatnogo v Lesostepy Ukrayny [The culture of clary sage in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. K: Naukova dumka; 1997. 166 s. [Russian]
  7. Yurchak LD. Alelopatiya v agrobiotsenozakh aromatychnykh roslyn [Alelopathy in agrobiocenoses of aromatic rosins]. K: Fitosotsiotsentr; 2005. 411 s. [Ukrainian]
  8. Grodzynskyy AM. Allelopatyya rastenyy y pochvoutomlenye [Plant Allelopathy and Soil Fatigue]. K: Nauk dumka; 1991. 432 s. [Russian]
  9. Hnatiuk NO. Otsinka alelopatychnykh vlastyvostei nasinnia deiakykh vydiv aromatychnykh roslyn [Evaluation of allelopathic properties of seeds of some species of aromatic plants]. Introduktsiia roslyn. 2013; 4: 109-13. [Ukrainian]
  10. Hnatyuk NO. Alelopatychni vlastyvosti aromatychnykh roslyn vydiv Monarda didyma L., Dracocephalum moldavicum L., Hyssopus officinalis L. [Allelopathic properties of aromatic plants of Monarda didyma L., Dracocephalum moldavicum L., Hyssopus officinalis L.]. Monografiya. Uman: VPTs «Vizavi»; 2018. 186 s. [Ukrainian]
  11. Carta C, Moretti MDL, Peana AT. Activity of the oil of Salvia officinalis against Botrytis cinerea. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 1996; 8: 399-404. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1996.9700647
  12. Pyda SV. Alelopatychna aktyvnist ekstraktiv sortiv lyupynu bilogo [Allelopathic activity of extracts of white lupine varieties]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Natsionalnogo naukovogo tsentru «Instytutu zemlerobstva UAAN». 2007; 1: 155-62. [Ukrainian]
  13. Puzik VK. Alelopatychna diya ekzometabolitiv kulturnykh zlakiv u agrofitotsenozakh [Allelopathic action of exometabolites of cultivated cereals in agrophytocenoses]. Abstr. Dr. Sci. (Agricul.). K; 2004. 35 s. [Ukrainian]
  14. Ricci D, Epifano F, Fraternale D. The essential oil of Monarda didyma L. (Lamiaceae) exerts phytotoxic activity in vitro against various weed seeds. Molecules. 2017; 22(2): 222. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020222. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28157176. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6155892