The present study correlates with the relevant issues of contemporary medicine on the pathogenesis of dysbiosis associated with antibiotic therapy, although other factors of exogenous and endogenous nature can also be the cause of the microbiocenosis disorder in the host body. Dysbiosis can be caused by antibiotics, administered by any route, but its highest risk is when taken orally, since the drug enters directly into the intestine, affecting microflora. Numerous publications concern the clinical and microbiological aspects of dysbiosis associated with antibiotics and methods of their treatment. However, issues related to the morphological and functional state of structured formations of the immune system of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract are elucidated extremely insufficiently and contradictory, the most representative of which are Peyer’s patches. The purpose of the paper was to clarify the nature of the changes in the quantitative parameters of Peyer’s patches of the small intestine of albino rats after administration of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Material and methods. 30 mature albino male rats with the weight 200.0±20.0 g were involved into the experiment. The broad-spectrum antibiotic (clarithromycin, 500 mg tablets, at a dose of 10 mg/kg) was administered to the rodents per os as a supplement to food during their two-meals-a-day feeding a day (morning and evening) for 10 days. Results and discussion. During and at the end of the administration of antibiotic as a supplement to the high-calorie foods no signs indicating the development of intestinal disorder in the form of diarrhea were noted in the experimental animals. No difference in the topographic distribution of Peyer’s patches in the wall of the small intestine of the experimental animals compared to controls was established. The total amount of Peyer’s patches after the effect of the antibiotic on the intestinal microflora remained unchanged. Thus, the effect of the antibiotic on the intestinal microflora does not influence the localization and the total amount of Peyer’s patches of the small intestine of albino rats. Conclusion. The obtained results showed that genetically programmed total amount of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine was constant, while the number of lymphoid nodules in them was variable, depending on situational changes in the intestinal microbiocenosis.

Keywords: albino rats, small intestine, Peyer’s patches, clarithromycin

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