The principal new class of monoclonal antibodies was obtained thanks to gene engineering. The monoclonal antibodies are the proteins molecules that find their target separately and effectively. By the origin the monoclonal antibodies are divided into mice, chimer, humanize and human. More often they are divided into prescriptions. Spector of the monoclonal antibodies is wide. Thanks to their inculcation the treatment of incurable diseases has been improved effectively. The monoclonal antibodies are prescribed for the autoimmune and inflammatory diseases treatment (rheumatism, psoriasis), neoplastic diseases, including tumors and the blood diseases. The drugs for treating multiple sclerosis, Alcheimer disease, osteoporoses, ulcerative colitis, the Crohn disease, and bronchial asthma were inoculated. The monoclonal antibodies are recommended as anticoagulants antibodies, hypolipidemic drugs. Among the drugs for rheumatism and prostatic treatment one of the main groups is the inhibitors of the tumor necrosis factor alpha, such as infliximab. In the diseases of intestines (ulcerative colitis, the Crohn disease) the integrines antagonists are successfully prescribed. The integrines are the transmembrane proteins receptors that are expressed on the antigens surfaces of many cells types including lymphocites. Different alpha and beta submits of integrines form compounds with the different functions. From this group vedozulimab is used successfully. In the multiple sclerosis treatment together with interferons ocrelizumab is recommended because it has properties for expression on the pre-B-cells and mature B-cells. In the oncology the monoclonal antibodies are produced. The receptor of epidermal factor of growth of the 2-nd typr is such type, expression of which is observed in the breast tumor. Trastuzumab is the famous drug for the breast cancer treatment. It is the recombinant humanize monoclonal antibody. Omalizumab is prescribed for the bronchial asthma treatment (humanize monoclonal antibody to immunoglobuline E). It is known that idaciruzumab (a fragment of the monoclonal antibody) is an anticoagulant dabigatran antidote. The inhibitor of convertase subtylisine-xexine type 9 alirocumab was inoculated as a hypolipidemic drug. The elaloratina of the new drugs of the monoclonal antibodies is continued especially of those that may be component of radio- and immune therapy.

Keywords: monoclonal antibodies, origin, mechanism, spectrum of action, prescription

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