ISSN 2415-3060 (print), ISSN 2522-4972 (online)
  • 5 of 48
Up
JMBS 2018, 3(2): 26–31
https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs03.02.026
Experimental Medicine and Morphology

Serotonin-containing Cells of Diffuse Endocrine System of the Uterus Endometrium in Pregnancy and Postnatal Period

Pelin E., Globa T., Darii A., Globa L.
Abstract

The preparation of the female body to pregnancy is determined not only by sex hormones but also by many biologically active substances, among which serotonin plays an essential role. It has been established that during pregnancy, the amount of serotonin increases gradually in the placenta contrary to monoamine oxidase activity, which decreases. The disturbance of biogenic amines metabolism is quite common during pregnancy and is the one which links it to the pathogenesis of toxicosis. The aim of the study was studying of the organ topography, morphology and histophysiology of diffuse endocrine system cells of rat uterus during gestation and postnatal involution of the uterus. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on laboratory white female rats with a body weight of 160-180g, maintained in the standard vivarium conditions. The experimental material was divided into 8 groups of 4-16 animals each. We studied the rat uterus in pregnancy (days 12-14) and after delivery (days 1, 3, 4, 6, 10 and 15 postnatal). Results and discussion. In the specimens with pregnant uterus, the fluorescent cells were characterized by a small sized granules and their smaller amount. In addition, the number of extracellular granules was much reduced. Thus, we can conclude that during pregnancy both the synthesis and the releasing of serotonin into the extracellular space decrease. In the endometrium on the first postnatal day, the fluorescence cells were detected in a very low amount with much reduced size. Their cytoplasm contained few weakly fluorescent granules. Consequently, we observed an increased amount of extracellular granules. The fluorescence intensity of these granules was much increased, which indicated the presence of a large amount of extracellular serotonin. We also observed that the cell volume increased, reaching on the 3rd day the point of 949,6±57,53 mkm³. At the same time, the amount of granules in cells increased. Moreover, in the endometrium enhanced the proliferation of DES cells, serotonin synthesis and accumulation processes. On the 4th postnatal day there was a considerable increase in cell population density, which consisted of 1721,66±127,92 cells per 1mm². The number of intracellular granules was also increased. On the 6th day after delivery, the cell population density decreased slightly and was 1578,1±65,43 cells per 1mm². Intracellular granules were diminished and fluorescence intensity was low. On the 10th postnatal day, the density of serotonin secreting cells was slightly increased in the endometrium comparatively with the 6th postnatal day, reaching 1702,88±41,83 cells per 1mm². The amount of intracellular granules also increased. The highest level of DES cell was on the 15th day after delivery, constituting 2267.1 ± 76.2 cells per 1 mm². Based on the obtained data, we can emphasize the role of serotonin in the uterine labor and in the postnatal uterine involution. These data correlates with the results obtained by the other authors. Once the serotonin is released into the uterine tissues, it is involved in triggering of uterine labor. Immediately after delivery, the serotonin is involved in the hemostasis process by constriction of the uterine vessels, subsequently in the postpartum uterus involution. Serotonin plays an important role in initiating massive degradation of collagen in the postnatal period. Conclusion. The lowest content of intracellular serotonin and serotonin secretion index was recorded in gestation. These facts show low intensity of synthetic and secretory processes. In postnatal involution of uterus, endometrial endocrine cells undergo the following phase changes. On the first day there was a severe decrease in the population of endometrial serotonin secreting cells as a result of serotonin secretion intensification in the delivery process. During the 4th day the serotonin secretion prevail its synthesis and intracellular accumulation. Starting with the 4th day increases synthesis and intracellular accumulation of serotonin with parallel diminution of serotonin secretion. The restoration of initial levels of serotonin takes place on the 15th postnatal day.

Keywords: diffuse endocrine system, uterus, serotonin, gestation, postnatal involution of uterus

Full text: PDF (Rus) 249K

References
  1. Acharya SB, Goswami NG, Debnath PK. Uterine and placental 5-HT profile in different gestational period of albino rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 1989 Jun; 2 7(6): 505-9.
  2. Amenta F, Vega JA, Ricci A, Collier WL. Localization of 5-hydroxytrzptamine-like immunoreactive cells and nerve fibers in the rat female reproductive system. Anat Rec. 1992 Jul; 233 (3): 478-84. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1609979. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092330315
  3. Cruz MA, Gonzalez C, Acevedo CG, Sepulveda WH, Rudolph MI. Effects of histamine and serotonin on the contractility of isolated pregnant and nonpregnant human myometrium. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1989; 28 (1):1-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2777127. https://doi.org/10.1159/000293482
  4. Desan PH, Woodmansee WW, Ryan SM, Smock TK, Maier SF. Monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolites during the estrous cycle, pregnancy, and the postpartum period. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 Jul; 30 (3) 563-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3211964. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(88)90066-4
  5. Garfield RE, Bytautiene E, Vedernikov YP, Marschall IS, Romero R. Modulation of rat uterine contractility by mast cells and their mediators. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Jul; 183 (1):118-25. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10920318. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2000.105741
  6. Jeffrey JJ, Ehlich LS, Roswit WT. Serotonin: an inducer of collagenase in myometrial smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol. 1991 Mar; 146 (3): 399-406. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1850749. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041460310
  7. Koren Z, Pfeifer Y, Sulman FG. Serotonin content of human placenta and fetus during pregnancy. Amer J Obstetr and Gynecol. 1965; 93: 411-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(65)90070-0
  8. Lang U, Prada J, Clark KE. Systemic and uterine vascular response to serotonin in third trimester pregnant ewes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1993, Oct; 51 (2): 131-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8119459. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(93)90025-8
  9. Litviakova OV, Konovalov SS, Kostiuchek IN, Kleshchev MA, Kvetnoĭ IM. [Endocrine secretion in endometrial and breast malignant tumors in elderly women]. Adv Gerontol. 2009; 22 (1): 172-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19827687. [Russian]
  10. Certificat de inovator № 4426 (Moldova). Metoda de determinare a indicelui de secreţie a serotoninocitelor sistemului endocrin difuz (SED) / Lutan Vasile, Pelin Elina; din 23.02.2006a. [Moldavian]
  11. Certificat de inovator № 4427 (Moldova). Metoda de determinarea indicelui serotoninic al sistemului endocrin difuz / Lutan Vasile, Pelin Elina; din 23.02.2006b. [Moldavian]
  12. Melendez JA, Vinci JM, Jeffrey JJ, Wilcox BD. Localization and regulation of IL-1 alpha in rat myometrium during late pregnancy and phe postpartum period. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001 Mar; 280 (3): R879-88. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.3.R879
  13. Mitchell JA, Hammer RE. Serotonin-induced disruption of implantation in the rat: I. Serum progesterone, implantation site blood flow, and intrauterine pO2. Biol Reprod. 1983a May; 28 (4): 830-5. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod28.4.830
  14. Moiseiwitsch JR. The role of serotonin and neurotransmitters during craniofacial development. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2000; 11 (2): 230-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12002817. https://doi.org/10.1177/10454411000110020601
  15. Pelin E. Modificările sistemului endocrin difuz uterin al şobolanilor în perioada postpartum. Analele ştiinţifice ale USMF “Nicolae Testemiţanu”. 2006; I: 96-100. [Moldavian]
  16. Oropeza MV, Ponce Monter H, Reynoso Isla M, Campos MG. The ovarian and cervical regions of the rat uterus display a different contractile response to serotonin and prostaglandin F 2 alpha. I. The estrous cycle. Life Sci. 2000; 66 (25): 345-51.
  17. Rudolph MI, Reinicke K, Cruz MA, Gallardo V, Gonzalez C, Bardisa L. Distribution of mast cells and the effect of their mediators on contractility in human myometrium. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993 Dec; 100 (12): 1125-30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8297847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15178.x
  18. Vesela J, Rehak P, Mihailik J, Czikkova S, Pokorny J, Koppel J. Expression of serotonin receptors in mouse oocytes and preimplantation. Physiol Res. 2003; 52 (2): 223-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12678665
  19. Avtandilov GG. Meditsinskaya morfometriya. Moskva, 1990. 384 s.: il. [Russian]
  20. Kreymerman GM. Lyuminestsentno-gistokhimicheskiy analiz monoaminnogo obespecheniya matki pri beremennosti i immunologicheskom konflikte: avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk, Abstr. PhDr. (Med.). Tashkent, 1988. 17 s. [Russian]
  21. Kurskiy MD, Baksheev HC. Biokhimicheskie osnovy mekhanizma deystviya serotonina. Kiev, 1974, 294 s. [Russian]
  22. Avtorskoe svidetelstvo №1193497 Russia. G01N1/30, A61B10/00. Sposoby opredeleniya serotonina v kletkakh nervnoy tkani na gistologicheskom preparate. Lutan VS. 22 iyulya 1985. [Russian]
  23. Sadykova KA Markova LN, Baykenova SD, Vsevolodov EB, Buznikov GA. Biogennye monoaminy v yaytsekletkakh i doimplantatsionnykh zarodyshakh myshey. BEBiM. 1990; 6: 577-8. [Russian]