The state features modern research data about physiological mechanisms of development of resistance to psycho-emotional stress that appears in medical students in dynamics of studies in university (during first 3 years). Results showed that development of adaptation syndrome in those conditions greatly depends on speed of formation and intensity level of intersystem integration in cardiorespiratory system. That relation is revealed most of all on the background of physical activity (exertion on bicycle ergometer to the full). The variability of stages of adaptation development was found out. In the first group of students the first stage of adaptive syndrome is characterized by activation of non-specific adaptive mechanisms (1st year of studies), that is naturally replaced by the second stage – specific adaptive reactions, when the intellectual work capacity increases on the background of rationalization of its autonomic supply. In the second group of students the second variant of adaptation development occurs as non-specific adaptive mechanisms (1st stage) on the 2nd year of study are changed by the stage of specific adaptation (2nd stage), that is accompanied by excessive psychophysiological indices. On the 3rd year of study it leads to the depletion of adaptive capabilities (3rd stage). In the third group of students the stage of activation of non-specific adaptive mechanisms was rapidly changed by their depletion, that was accompanied by decrease of intersystem integration and intellectual workability. Therefore, the formation of adaptive optimum occurs only in 40% of students. The majority (60%) of students-young women demonstrate either the initially insufficient adaptive capabilities, or excessive adaptation. Both insufficient and excessive adaptation naturally leads to psychological and autonomic disorders followed by appearance of psychosomatic neurotic manifestations. The prospects for further research should be defined for further investigation of gender peculiarities of adaptive reactions development up to psycho-emotional stress that develops in conditions of studying in university. That will make an opportunity to reveal the features of mechanisms of resistance formation depending on gender.
Keywords: adaptation, psycho-emotional stress, cardiorespiratory system, intellectual capacity
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