The purpose of the study was to optimize the methodology for assessing the functional state of athletes. Materials and methods. Theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature and empirical research materials, pedagogical observation, chronometry, pulsometry, methods of mathematical statistics were used. Results and discussion. This article discusses the issues of attracting indicators of physiological control for swimming various distances during a training session for the development of special endurance of water polo players. From a pedagogical point of view, it is important to assess the degree of physiological impact of a certain load on the athlete's body by the magnitude of heart rate. That is, the question arises about the so-called "pulse value" of the load, the value of which indicates the purposeful impact of the training tool on the development, in particular, special endurance. It is noteworthy that the highest heart rate, that is the difference between the resting heart rate and the heart rate after the end of the distance, is the highest after the distance of 200 meters. In other words, the 200m distance for water polo players aged 13-15 years is, from a physiological point of view, the most difficult and intense. It has been proved that for the development of special endurance of young water polo players aged 13-15 years, it is necessary to use swimming for short distances, the time to overcome which reliably depends on both the age of the athletes and their game roles. Conclusion. The values of the linear inverse correlation dependence of heart rate indicators on the time of swimming distances of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 meters were determined for different age groups of water polo players. Based on the data obtained, the corresponding regression equations were calculated to determine the appropriate heart rate values when swimming any distance. Comparing the calculated values of heart rate with what this or that water polo player demonstrates after swimming any distance, certain conclusions can be drawn. If during the next test, with the same time to cover a distance of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 meters, the water polo player has a lower heart rate than the calculated heart rate values, this means that his/her adaptive potential and physiological state have improved and you can increase the load. If the heart rate values increase significantly (more than 2σ), the athlete, in theory, is in a state of overwork or on the verge of overtraining, which indicates the need to reduce the load
Keywords: water polo, water polo players, endurance, physical training
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