The purpose of the study was to study the main programs of physical rehabilitation in osteoarthritis of the knee joints based on an analytical analysis of current literature data. Materials and methods. Analytical and bibliosemantic methods were used in the research. Results and discussion. Treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee begins with conservative methods and moves to surgical treatment options when conservative treatment fails. Although drugs can help slow the progression of the pathology of inflammatory conditions, nevertheless, physical rehabilitation of patients is important for patients with any pathology of the knee joint. The main tasks contributing to the achievement of the goal of physical rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis are their integration into a quality social life, improving health and quality of life, lengthening the asymptomatic period. Although there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend one form of exercise instead of another, patients are likely to benefit from as specific advice as possible rather than simply encouraging exercise. Given the wide range of sound factual exercises that effectively reduce the intensity of pain and improve motor function in osteoarthritis, all patients should be encouraged to consider a particular type of exercise as a central part of their treatment plan. Individual approach to an individual patient is more effective and controls the correctness and regularity of exercise better. The article discusses in detail the methods of teaching patients and the effectiveness of patients performing physical exercises at home. These techniques have demonstrated a reduction in the severity of pain and an improvement in the functional mobility of the knee joints. Conclusion. Consequently, physical exercises help to reduce the severity of pain in the knee joints and improve functional mobility in osteoarthritis. The treatment of osteoarthritis requires a comprehensive and individualized approach to the patient. When choosing treatment methods, one should take into account the form and degree of neglect of osteoarthritis, concomitant diseases, as well as the availability of this therapy and the wishes of the patient. Education on the topic of the disease and its treatment options is the main element of therapeutic tactics. The use of remote patient education technologies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, quality control of exercise performance shows a decrease in the burden on primary care physicians and improves disease control. Multidisciplinary teams consisting of a rheumatologist, orthopedist, physiotherapist and psychologist must supervise patients

Keywords: osteoarthritis, gonarthrosis, treatment, physical activity, rehabilitation

Full text: PDF (Ukr) 243K

1. Shuba VI. Osteoartroz: rannia diahnostyka ta likuvannia [Osteoarthritis: early diagnosis and treatment]. Ukrainskyi medychnyi chasopys. 2016;1:59–66. [Ukrainian]
2. Hawker GA. Osteoarthritis is a serious disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019;37(5): 3–6.
3. Magnusson K, Turkiewicz A, Englund M. Nature vs nurture in knee osteoarthritis - the importance of age, sex and body mass index. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2019 Apr;27(4):586-592. PMID: 30634033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2018.12.018
4. Li JS, Tsai TY, Clancy MM, Li G, Lewis CL, Felson DT. Weight loss changed gait kinematics in individuals with obesity and knee pain. Gait Posture. 2019 Feb;68:461-465. PMID: 30611976. PMCID: PMC6599530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.12.031
5. Serdulets YuI. Osoblyvosti klinichnoho perebihu osteoartrozu, poiednanoho z tsukrovym diabetom 2-ho typu, ozhyrinniam ta arterialnoiu hipertenziieiu [Features of the clinical course of osteoarthritis combined with type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypertension]. Vestnyk Kluba Pankreatolohov. 2018;4(41):42-45. [Ukrainian]
6. Hsu H, Siwiec RM. Knee Osteoarthritis. [Updated 2021 Jul 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
7. Callhoff J, Albrecht K, Redeker I. Disease burden of patients with osteoarthritis: results of a cross sectional survey linked to claims data. Arthritis Care Res. 2020;72:193-200. PMID: 31479193. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.24058
8. Bannuru RR, Osani MC, Vaysbrot EE. OARSI guidelines for the non surgical management of knee, hip, and polyarticular osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2019;27:1578-1589. PMID: 31278997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2019.06.011
9. 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation guideline for the management of osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020;72:220-233. PMID: 31908149. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.24131
10. Biebl JT, Rykala M, Strobel M, Kaur Bollinger P, Ulm B, Kraft E, et al. App-Based Feedback for Rehabilitation Exercise Correction in Patients With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis: Prospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(7):e26658. PMID: 34255677. PMCID: PMC8317029. https://doi.org/10.2196/26658
11. Vedar JC, Fogel AL, Elenko E, Zohar D. Digital medicine's march on chronic disease. Nat Biotechnol. 2016 Mar;34(3):239-246. PMID: 26963544. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3495
12. Dahlberg LE, Dell'Isola A, Lohmander LS, Nero H. Improving osteoarthritis care by digital means - effects of a digital self-management program after 24- or 48-weeks of treatment. PLoS One. 2020 Mar 4;15(3):e0229783. PMID: 32130276. PMCID: PMC7056265. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229783
13. Toelle TR, Utpadel-Fischler DA, Haas K, Priebe JA. App-based multidisciplinary back pain treatment versus combined physiotherapy plus online education: a randomized controlled trial. NPJ Digit Med. 2019;2:34. PMID: 31304380. PMCID: PMC6550294. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-019-0109-x
14. Messier SP, Resnik AE, Beavers DP, Mihalko SL, Miller GD, Nicklas BJ, et al. Intentional weight loss in overweight and obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: is more better? Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018;70:1569- 75. PMID: 29911741. PMCID: PMC6203601. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23608
15. Yatsyshyn RI, Sukhorebska MIa. Pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti likuvannia khvorykh na osteoartroz u poiednanni z abdominalnym ozhyrinniam na foni dyslipidemii [Improving the effectiveness of treatment of patients with osteoarthritis in combination with abdominal obesity on the background of dyslipidemia]. Halytskyi likarskyi visnyk. 2015;22(1):92-96. [Ukrainian]
16. Berezuckij VI. Vozmozhnosti kineziotejpirovaniya v lechenii osteoartroza kolennogo sustava [Possibilities of kinesio taping in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint]. Lіtopis travmatologії ta ortopedії. 2018;1-2(37-38):161-163. [Russian]
17. Lytovchenko VO, Bilostotskyi AI. Fizychna terapiia pry osteoartrozi kolinnykh suhlobiv I-II stadii [Physical therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee joints stage I-II]. Suchasni pytannia fizychnoi reabilitatsii, rekreatsii ta fizychnoho vykhovannia riznykh hrup naselennia. 2019;1(3):54-57. [Ukrainian]