Prehypertension is considered a significant risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension. A syndrome of overtraining and associated dysfunctional disorders of the autonomic nervous system may be the cause of an increase of blood pressure. However, clear criteria for the diagnosis of this syndrome have not yet been established, and the study of the meaning of symptoms, including anamnestic ones, continues. The purpose of the study was to establish a connection between the anamnesis data of professional athletes with sustained prehypertension during the preparatory period of the training macrocycle. Material and methods. We examined 30 professional athletes, who were distributed into two groups which were representative by age and sex, depending on their blood pressure values. All subjects underwent blood pressure monitoring, anthropometric and physical examinations, inquiries regarding complaints, training activity and sports history. Results and discussion. The study showed that athletes with high normal blood pressure indicated higher exercise intensity, a predominance of anaerobic activity during their training, an increase in the intensity of exercise in the last three months; sleep disturbances and a decrease in exercise tolerance was significantly more frequent in this group. The last two factors have the most significant impact on the relative risk of blood pressure increase. A sustained high normal blood pressure in professional athletes during the preparatory period of the training macrocycle is associated with the development of signs of fatigue and overtraining, which we noted in our study. The latter determines both the need for more in-depth examination, monitoring of such patients and the importance of the further scientific study of the problem. We also noted significant differences in the characteristics of training activity: athletes with prehypertension had a higher level of physical activity in training, which was 8.33 ± 0.71 points on the scale of training intensity RPE (against 7.0 ± 1.26 points in the group persons with optimal blood pressure, p = 0.006), they also had the highest percentage of anaerobic work (p = 0.004). Conclusion. Timely detection of maladaptation syndrome in professional athletes in the preparatory period can be useful as support for feedback from the athlete, and monitoring blood pressure during the week in a comfortable environment for the athlete. There is a need for further research to determine the prognostic value of symptoms of overtraining in terms of increased blood pressure, as well as the likely dependence of these changes on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of physical activity
Keywords: prehypertension, sports anamnesis, professional athletes, preparatory period of the training macrocycle
Full text: PDF (Ukr) 277K