ISSN 2415-3060 (print), ISSN 2522-4972 (online)
  • 63 of 67
Up
УЖМБС 2020, 5(3): 465–470
https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs05.03.465
Physical training and Sport. Medical and biological aspects of training athletes

An Analysis of the Body Composition Indicators of Young Females

Nalyvayko N. B. 1, Bardin O. I. 1, Pavlova Iu. O. 2
Abstract

A high body mass index remains one of the most important causes of increased morbidity and mortality because it, in turn, causes the development of other non-communicable diseases. Despite the widespread practice of using body mass index in monitoring studies, it is essential to study the component composition of the body to assess the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. The identification of risk groups among young women remains relevant. The purpose of the study was to analyze the indicators of the component composition of the body in young women and to determine the structure of correlation between these indicators. Material and methods. The study involved 90 female students aged 18-22 (M ± SE = 19.3±1.3), who studied at the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv on specialty “Secondary education.” The mass and body composition indexes were analyzed in terms of body mass index, total fat content, visceral fat content, muscle mass content, muscle mass rating, water content, and bone density. The bioelectrical impedance analysis with the TANITA RD-953 InnerScan Dual was conducted. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used for statistical data processing. The relationship between the variables was studied with the Pearson coefficient. Results and discussion. Analysis of the body composition of young women showed a significantly higher number of cases of deviation from the optimal ratio. Persons with signs of "hidden" obesity were identified; in the future, they may lead to the risk of second type diabetes, hypertension, and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system. We identified the young women with insufficient fat content, which may adversely affect estrogen synthesis and, in general, the reproductive function of the body. We found out that there were signs of “hidden” obesity; some of the females had a higher level of a fat component due to the manifestations of standard body mass index indicators, which may lead to a different type of cardiovascular disease. Young women with insufficient fat content were also identified, which may adversely affect the process of estrogen synthesis and, in general, the reproductive function. Conclusion. The results suggest the need for educational activities among young women. The optimal approach is to develop individualized diets and exercise programs and monitor their effectiveness.

Keywords: anthropometric measurements, body mass index, females, health

Full text: PDF (Ukr) 399K

References
  1. World Health Organization. The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response. Branca F, Nikogosian H, Lobstein T, Editors. WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2007. 324 p.
  2. Cuschieri S, Mamo J. Getting to grips with the obesity epidemic in Europe. SAGE Open Med. 2016; 4: 2050312116670406. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27708778. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5034461. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050312116670406
  3. Hartley E, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Skouteris H, Hill B. A qualitative insight into the relationship between postpartum depression and body image. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2020; 2: 1-13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31894705. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2019.1710119
  4. Paans NPG, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Visser M, Penninx BWJH. Contributions of depression and body mass index to body image. J Psychiatr Res. 2018 Aug 1; 103: 18-25. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29758472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.05.003
  5. Mathew H, Farr OM, Mantzoros CS. Metabolic health and weight: Understanding metabolically unhealthy normal weight or metabolically healthy obese patients. Metabolism. 2016 Jan 1; 65(1): 73-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683798. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4750380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.019
  6. Pavlova I, Vynogradsky B, Sheremeta S. The Effect Of Resistance Training On Life Quality And Physical Health. Young Sport Sci Ukr. 2014; 4: 103-9.
  7. Reiner M, Niermann C, Jekauc D, Woll A. Long-term health benefits of physical activity-a systematic review of longitudinal studies [Internet]. 2013. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/813 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24010994. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3847225. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-813
  8. Willis LH, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, Shields AT, Piner LW, Bales CW, et al. Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. J Appl Physiol. 2012 Dec 15; 113(12): 1831-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23019316. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3544497. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011
  9. Koolhaas CM, Dhana K, Schoufour JD, Ikram A, Kavousi M, Franco OH. Impact of physical activity on the association of overweight and obesity with cardiovascular disease: The Rotterdam Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017; 24(9): 933-40. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28436726. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5510687. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487317693952
  10. Pavlova Yu. Ozdorovcho-rekreatsiyni tekhnologiyi ta yakist zhyttya lyudyny [Recreational technologies and the quality of human life]. Lviv: LDUFK; 2016. 356 p. [Ukrainian]
  11. Chekhovska L. Ozdorovchyy fitnes u suchasnomu suspilstvi [Wellness fitness in modern society]. Lviv: LDUFK im Ivana Boberskogo; 2019. 296 p. [Ukrainian]
  12. Shklyar AS. Somatometrychnyy indeks kistkovoyi masy tila ta yiyi vzayemozv'yazky z fizychnym rozvytkom osib zhinochoyi stati na etapakh postnatalnogo ontogenezu [Somatometric Index of Bone Mass and its Interellations with Physical Development of Women during Postnatal Ontogenesis]. Visnyk roblem biologiyi i medytsyny. 2014; 3(115): 251-5. [Ukrainian]
  13. Yarmak O, Blagii O, Palichuk Y, Hakman A, Balatska L, Moroz O, et al. Analysis of the factor structure of the physical condition of girls 17-19 year-old. J Hum Sport Exerc. 2018; 13(2proc): 259-68. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29923271. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.13.Proc2.11
  14. Shklyar AS. Zhyrova komponenta masy tila lyuydyny: antropometrychna otsinka na etapakh postnatalnogo ontogenezu (metodologichni, innovatsiyni ta prykladni aspekty) [Fat component of human body mass: anthropometric assessment at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis (methodological, innovative and applied aspects)]. Problemy ekologichnoyi ta medychnoyi genetyky i klinichnoyi imunologiyi. 2014; 1: 34-44. [Ukrainian]
  15. Shklyar AS, Cherkashyna LV. Estimation methods and rate of ontogenetically disharmonic bone component of human body mass in various age and gender groups. Aktualni Problemy Suchasnoyi Medytsyny: Visnyk Ukrayinskoyi Medychnoyi Stomatologichnoyi Akademiyi. 2016; 16(3 (55)): 190-4.
  16. Frolova TV, Olkhovskyy VD, Shklyar SP. Vyvchennya strukturno-funktsionalnogo stanu kistkovoyi tkanyny z urakhuvannyam ekologichnykh ta demografichnykh osoblyvostey: poshyrennya osteopeniyi [Study of the structural and functional state of bone tissue, taking into account environmental and demographic features: the spread of osteopenia]. Patologiya. 2006; 3(1): 39-43. [Ukrainian]
  17. Povoroznyuk VV, Rudenko EV, Butylyna EV. Strukturno-funktsyonalnoe sostoyanye kostnoy tkany u detey y podrostkov: rezultaty ukraynsko-belorusskogo yssledovanyya [The structural and functional state of bone tissue in children and adolescents: the results of the Ukrainian-Belarusian study]. Problemy osteologiyi. 2006; 9: 99-100. [Russian]
  18. Povoroznyuk VV, Rudenko EV, Grygoreva NV. Osobennosty faktycheskogo pytanyya u detey y podrostkov: rezultaty ukraynsko-belarusskogo yssledovanyya [Features of actual nutrition in children and adolescents: the results of the Ukrainian-Belarusian study]. Problemy osteologiyi. 2006; 9: 98-9. [Russian]
  19. Moroz O. Korektsiya komponentnogo skladu tila zhinok pershogo periodu zrilogo viku zasobamy ozdorovchogo fitnesu [Correction of the component composition of the body of women of the first period of adulthood by means of health-improving fitness]. Molodizhnyy naukovyy visnyk. Seriya Fizychne vykhovannya i sport. 2012; 7: 87-91. [Ukrainian]