The problem of bone tissue regeneration after damage is one of the central issues in biomedical science. Despite the numerous studies, the issue is still unresolved and continues to be relevant. The numerous situations in the clinic necessitate the reconstruction of bone defects are caused by trauma on the background of endocrine disorders. They require a deep understanding and study of the bone tissue regeneration process. The purpose of our research was to study the histological and histomorphometric features of reparative osteogenesis in the rats with chronic hyperglycemia of the body. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 50 white laboratory rats: a control group (20 rats), a group of animals with chronic hyperglycemia of the body (20 rats), and a control group of hyperglycemia (10 rats). Results and discussion. The chronic hyperglycemia was simulated by single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) and nicotinic acid (1 mg/kg). After the administration of streptozotocin, the animals had the usual dietary intake for 60 days. On the 60th day after the model reproduction in animals of the control group and the group with chronic hyperglycemia of the body, the hole was formed using a portable dental sterile boron in the middle third of the tibia diaphysis. The studies were performed on the 3rd and 7th day after trauma. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The light microscopy was performed using an Olympus BH-2 microscope (Japan). The morphometric analysis was performed using the morphometric program "Digimizer". The following parameters were measured: area of inflammatory infiltrate (mm2), area of granulation tissue (mm2), area of connective tissue (mm2), area of fibrous bone tissue (mm2), area of cartilaginous tissue (mm2). The statistical processing was performed using the SPSS-17 software package. On the 7th day of reparative osteogenesis in rats with the simulated chronic hyperglycemia of the body, the area of connective tissue in the regenerate was 38,27% less (p < 0,001), and the area of inflammatory infiltrate and granulation tissue was 30,51% more (p < 0,001) and 7,76% (p < 0,001), respectively, than that of the control group. Conclusion. Thus, the early stages of reparative osteogenesis in rats with chronic hyperglycemia of the body were characterized by weakening of the reorganization processes of necrotic bone detritus and inflammatory infiltrate, and the development delay in granulation tissue.
Keywords: reparative osteogenesis, chronic body hyperglycemia, morphometry
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