The paper considers a set of parameters related to the system–forming factors that determine the shifts of homeostasis under the influence of various external factors, in particular, and intense physical loads. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of succinic acid and its derivatives or complexes with other biologically active substances on the system–forming parameters of homeostasis of athletes during physical loads. Material and methods. We conducted the dynamic studies of pH in 40 qualified athletes specializing in weightlifting during intense loads (preparation period). We also checked the content of the main oxidative and antioxidant factors in cell membranes, changes in erythrocyte complex (average erythrocyte volume and anisocytoses), and the resultant indicator of deterioration of the hemorheological condition ‒ activated partial thromboplastin time. Succinic acid and its derivatives, as well as complexes based on it, can be one of the means of correcting such multidirectional metabolic changes. All athletes after signing the “Informed Consent” to participate in the study were randomized into three groups. The 1st main group (placebo–control) participants received Armadin®Long (2–ethyl–6–methyl–3–hydroxypyridine succinate) 2 tablets 3 times a day and the 2nd main group with three–fold the use of the dietary supplement "YantarIn–Sport" 2 capsules, each containing 1 g of succinic acid, as well as vitamins of group B (B1, B6), glutamic acid and arginine. The duration of the study was 21 days, homeostasis parameters were determined before and after the end of the observation of athletes. Results and discussion. The obtained results showed that a long–term exposure to power loads with an aerobic glycolytic energy supply mechanism, which contributes to the accumulation of lactate in the bloodstream and lower pH, together with an accompanying oxidative stress, led to an increase in size with erythrocytes from 77.82±1.6 fl to 88.43±2.1 fl (P <0.05), which is one of the main factors in the deterioration of oxygen transfer through small blood vessels (arterioles and capillaries). According to the authors, one of the causes of various homeostatic shifts is the accumulation of lactate, followed by a significant decrease in pH from 7.38±0.02 to 7.28±0.01 (P <0.05), as well as oxidative stress with prevailing accumulation prooxidant factors in cell membranes. This further leads to changes in the erythrocyte link and reduce bloodstream, which, on the background of a spasm of small blood vessels, is accompanied by a slowdown in the transfer of oxygen to the working muscles of athletes. Conclusion. The use agents based on succinic acid prevents the development of such negative homeostatic reorganizations and, thus, is indirectly accompanied by the formation of ergogenic effects on the athlete's organism.
Keywords: weight training, succinic acid, prooxidative–antioxidative balance, cell membrane, lactate, pH, erythrocyte characteristics
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